Abstract Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP), a QCD state of matter created in ultra-relativistic
heavy-ion collisions, has remarkable properties including, for example, a low shear viscosity …

We review key measurements performed by CMS in the context of its heavy ion physics
program, using event samples collected in 2010–2018 with several collision systems and …

This report, as part of the 2021 Snowmass Process, summarizes the current status of collider
physics at the Energy Frontier, the broad and exciting future prospects identified for the …

Hot QCD physics studies the nuclear strong force under extreme temperature and densities.
Experimentally these conditions are achieved via high-energy collisions of heavy ions at the …

The production cross sections of D 0 and Λ c+ hadrons originating from beauty-hadron
decays (ie, nonprompt) were measured for the first time at midrapidity (| y|< 0.5) by the …

A bstract The production of non-prompt D 0 mesons from beauty-hadron decays was
measured at midrapidity (| y|< 0. 5) in Pb-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass …

The hadrochemistry of bottom quarks (b) produced in hadronic collisions encodes valuable
information on the mechanism of color neutralization in these reactions. Since the b-quark …

We report on the first measurement of charm-strange meson D s±production at midrapidity in
Au+ Au collisions at s NN= 200 GeV from the STAR experiment. The yield ratio between …

The production rate of B s 0 mesons relative to B 0 mesons is measured by the LHCb
experiment in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy s= 13 TeV over the forward rapidity …

The formation of hadrons is a fundamental process in nature that can be investigated at
particle colliders. As several recent findings demonstrate, with\(\textrm {e}^{+}\textrm {e}^{-}\) …