Nanostructured metallic materials having nanocrystalline and ultrafine-grained structures
show exceptional mechanical properties, eg superior strength, that are very attractive for …

Refining a metal's grain size can result in dramatic increases in strength, and the magnitude
of this strengthening increment can be estimated using the Hall–Petch equation. Since the …

Grain boundaries (GBs) play an important role in the mechanical behavior of polycrystalline
materials. Despite decades of investigation, the atomic-scale dynamic processes of GB …

Heterostructured materials are an emerging class of materials with superior performances
that are unattainable by their conventional homogeneous counterparts. They consist of …

Alloys that have high strengths at high temperatures are crucial for a variety of important
industries including aerospace. Alloys with ordered superlattice structures are attractive for …

We report significant back stress strengthening and strain hardening in gradient structured
(GS) interstitial-free (IF) steel. Back stress is long-range stress caused by the pileup of …

Forming alloys with impurity elements is a routine method for modifying the properties of
metals. An alternative approach involves the incorporation of interfaces into the crystalline …

Laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing offers unprecedented
microstructural fine-tuning capabilities. Naturally, benefitting from such capability requires …

Steels with sub-micrometre grain sizes usually possess high toughness and strength, which
makes them promising for lightweighting technologies and energy-saving strategies. So far …

Develo** thermoelectric (TE) performance is impeded by the compromise of TE
parameters, resulting in inadequate conversion efficiency of heat to electricity. Herein, this …