In the coming years and decades, advanced space-and ground-based observatories will
allow an unprecedented opportunity to probe the atmospheres and surfaces of potentially …

We describe how environmental context can help determine whether oxygen (O2) detected
in extrasolar planetary observations is more likely to have a biological source. Here we …

Star-like objects with effective temperatures of less than 2,700 kelvin are referred to as
'ultracool dwarfs'. This heterogeneous group includes stars of extremely low mass as well as …

Potentially habitable planets can orbit close enough to their host star that the differential
gravity across their diameters can produce an elongated shape. Frictional forces inside the …

Atmospheres of exoplanets in the habitable zones around active young GKM stars are
subject to extreme X-ray and EUV (XUV) fluxes from their host stars that can initiate …

The prospects for the habitability of M-dwarf planets have long been debated, due to key
differences between the unique stellar and planetary environments around these low-mass …

Proxima Centauri b provides an unprecedented opportunity to understand the evolution and
nature of terrestrial planets orbiting M dwarfs. Although Proxima Cen b orbits within its star's …

The advanced rheological models of Andrade and Sundberg & Cooper are compared to the
traditional Maxwell model to understand how each affects the tidal dissipation of heat within …

Abstract Models of thermal evolution, crustal production, and CO2 cycling are used to
constrain the prospects for habitability of rocky planets, with Earth-like size and composition …

An exoplanet's structure and composition are first-order controls of the planet's habitability.
We explore which aspects of bulk terrestrial planet composition and interior structure affect …