We commonly acknowledge that bacterial viruses (phages) shape the composition and
evolution of bacterial communities in nature and therefore have important roles in ecosystem …

Bacteria are under immense evolutionary pressure from their viral invaders—
bacteriophages. Bacteria have evolved numerous immune mechanisms, both innate and …

This paper reviews current knowledge on sources, spread and removal mechanisms of
antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in microbial communities of wastewaters, treatment …

Antibiotic resistance is arguably the biggest current threat to global health. An increasing
number of infections are becoming harder or almost impossible to treat, carrying high …

Microbiomes from every environment contain a myriad of uncultivated archaeal and
bacterial viruses, but studying these viruses is hampered by the lack of a universal, scalable …

Bacteriophage (phage) therapy, ie, the use of viruses that infect bacteria as antimicrobial
agents, is a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics. Indeed, resistance to antibiotics …

Protists include all eukaryotes except plants, fungi and animals. They are an essential, yet
often forgotten, component of the soil microbiome. Method developments have now …

In current plant disease control, the divergence from chemical pesticide use has been fueled
by the public concern about toxicity and environmental impact of these products, the …

The host range of a bacteriophage is the taxonomic diversity of hosts it can successfully
infect. Host range, one of the central traits to understand in phages, is determined by a range …

Bacteriophages have been proposed as an alternative to pesticides to kill bacterial
pathogens of crops. However, the efficacy of phage biocontrol is variable and poorly …