This review presents a general view of all types of melanin in all types of organisms. Melanin
is frequently considered just an animal cutaneous pigment and is treated separately from …

Carotenoids are among the most prevalent pigments used in animal signals and are also
important for a range of physiological functions. These concomitant roles have made …

Literature Cited to accompany Animal Communication, 2e Page 1 Principles of Animal
Communication, Second Edition Jack W. Bradbury and Sandra L. Vehrencamp Chapter 14 …

Thirty years of research has made carotenoid coloration a textbook example of an honest
signal of individual quality, but tests of this idea are surprisingly inconsistent. Here, to …

Ecology Letters (2011) 14: 625–634 Abstract Condition is a nearly ubiquitous term in the
behavioural, physiological and evolutionary ecology literature; however, existing definitions …

Aposematic theory has historically predicted that predators should select for warning signals
to converge on a single form, as a result of frequency‐dependent learning. However …

The signalling function of melanin‐based colouration is debated. Sexual selection theory
states that ornaments should be costly to produce, maintain, wear or display to signal quality …

META-ANALYSIS USES SUMMARY STATISTICS like effect sizes to combine information
from multiple studies. Yet a common problem encountered when collecting information for …

Many of the colour displays of animals are proposed to have evolved in response to female
mate choice for honest signals of quality, but such honest signalling requires mechanisms to …

The Fisher-inspired, arbitrary intersexual selection models of and, including both stable and
unstable equilibrium conditions, provide the appropriate null model for the evolution of traits …