Abstract The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is a new powerful tool for
observing the Sun at high spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution. These capabilities can …

Particles are accelerated to very high, non-thermal energies in solar and space plasma
environments. While energy spectra of accelerated electrons often exhibit a power law, it …

This paper describes the physical foundations of the newly discovered “entropy defect” as a
basic concept of thermodynamics. The entropy defect quantifies the change in entropy …

Context. The generally accepted representation of κ-distributions in space plasma physics
allows for two different alternatives, namely assuming either the temperature or the thermal …

In this paper, we develop the transport equation of kappa, the fundamental thermodynamic
parameter that labels kappa distributions of particle velocities. Using the recently developed …

During solar flares, plasma is typically heated to very high temperatures, and the resulting
redistribution of energy via thermal conduction is a primary mechanism transporting energy …

Kappa distributions describe particle velocities and energies in collisionless particle systems
such as space and astrophysical plasmas. While we understand the possible mechanisms …

The recently developed concept of" entropic defect" is important for understanding the
foundations of thermodynamics in space plasma physics, and more generally for systems …

The propagation of electron acoustic solitary waves is investigated in magnetized two‐
temperature electron plasma with supra‐thermal ion. By using the reductive perturbation …

We derive annual sky maps of the proton temperature in the inner heliosheath (IHS), and
track their temporal evolution over the years 2009–2016 of Interstellar Boundary Explorer …