In future smart thermal grids, decentralized prosumers shall supply each other over the
network, optimized by an overarching management system. For this, the substation control …

Abstract Part of Smart Energy Systems are Smart Thermal Grids, which enable bidirectional
power flow between prosumers. To facilitate this feature, the network architecture and …

In the deregulated electricity markets, trading prices are determined by the offer-demand
mechanism, and retail consumers can negotiate tariffs with their supplier of choice. For …

The future integration of different energy carriers in a single multi-energy network is
fundamental for enhancing the flexibility, efficiency and sustainability of the whole energy …

For the future energy system, the transition from centralized fossil-based plants to a
sustainable energy system means the emergence of a huge number of distributed …

When transforming district heating networks into smart thermal grids, a crucial part is the
integration of distributed energy resources and prosumers, coordinated by an overarching …

Technically, the operation of smart energy systems (SES) relies on various energy
management systems (EMS) that pertain different spatial and temporal scales. Despite their …

Energy monitoring system makes a great deal of contribution to monitor energy generation
and consumption in real-time in a smart grid. Besides providing visual representation of data …

The combination of building technologies with renewable energies, storage systems and
low carbon technologies, like Combined Heat and Power (CHP) and heat pumps, demands …

The deregulated markets have replaced the traditional way of trading electricity from the
producers to the consumer, via government-owned organizations and regulated tariffs …