Iceland, rising to more than 2 km above sea level, originates from the interaction of a mid-
oceanic ridge and excessive mantle upwelling. The plate boundary between the North …

Seismic imaging methods have provided detailed three-dimensional constraints on the
physical properties of magmatic systems leading to invaluable insight into the storage …

Experimentally calibrated models to recover pressures and temperatures of magmas are
widely used in igneous petrology. However, large errors, especially in barometry, limit the …

Volcanic eruptions are common, with more than 50 volcanic eruptions in the United States
alone in the past 31 years. These eruptions can have devastating economic and social …

Over 2 weeks in August 2014, magma propagated 48 km laterally from Bárðarbunga
volcano before erupting at Holuhraun for 6 months, accompanied by collapse of the caldera …

Understanding dikes is vital as they serve both as bodies that build the crust and as conduits
that feed eruptions, and must be monitored to evaluate volcanic hazard. During the 2014–15 …

Abstract The Eastern Rift System (ERS) of northern Tanzania and southern Kenya, where a
cratonic lithosphere is in the early stages of rifting, offers an ideal venue for investigating the …

Mantle volatiles are transported to Earth's crust and surface by basaltic volcanism. During
subaerial eruptions, vast amounts of carbon, sulfur and halogens can be released to the …

We use a dense seismic network on the Reykjanes Peninsula, Iceland, to image a group of
earthquakes at 10–12 km depth, 2 km north-east of 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption site. These …

It is well established that magmatism is trans-crustal, with melt storage and processing
occurring over a range of depths. Development of this conceptual model was based on …