[HTML][HTML] Myelin in the central nervous system: structure, function, and pathology

C Stadelmann, S Timmler… - Physiological …, 2019 - journals.physiology.org
Oligodendrocytes generate multiple layers of myelin membrane around axons of the central
nervous system to enable fast and efficient nerve conduction. Until recently, saltatory nerve …

The role of glial cells in multiple sclerosis disease progression

LM Healy, JA Stratton, T Kuhlmann… - Nature Reviews Neurology, 2022 - nature.com
Despite the development of highly effective treatments for relapsing–remitting multiple
sclerosis (MS), limited progress has been made in addressing primary progressive or …

Complement in neurological disorders and emerging complement-targeted therapeutics

MC Dalakas, H Alexopoulos, PJ Spaeth - Nature Reviews Neurology, 2020 - nature.com
The complement system consists of a network of plasma and membrane proteins that
modulate tissue homeostasis and contribute to immune surveillance by interacting with the …

Molecular anatomy and functions of the choroidal blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier in health and disease

JF Ghersi-Egea, N Strazielle, M Catala… - Acta …, 2018 - Springer
The barrier between the blood and the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is located at the
choroid plexuses. At the interface between two circulating fluids, these richly vascularized …

Choroid plexus enlargement in inflammatory multiple sclerosis: 3.0-T MRI and translocator protein PET evaluation

VAG Ricigliano, E Morena, A Colombi, M Tonietto… - Radiology, 2021 - pubs.rsna.org
Background Choroid plexuses (CPs) have been suggested as a key gateway for
inflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalitis, but in vivo evidence of their …

Translational value of choroid plexus imaging for tracking neuroinflammation in mice and humans

V Fleischer, G Gonzalez-Escamilla… - Proceedings of the …, 2021 - National Acad Sciences
Neuroinflammation is a pathophysiological hallmark of multiple sclerosis and has a close
mechanistic link to neurodegeneration. Although this link is potentially targetable, robust …

Hope for patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders—from mechanisms to trials

SJ Pittock, A Zekeridou, BG Weinshenker - Nature Reviews Neurology, 2021 - nature.com
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare inflammatory CNS disease that
primarily manifests as relapsing episodes of severe optic neuritis and myelitis. Diagnosis of …

Astrocyte-microglia interaction drives evolving neuromyelitis optica lesion

T Chen, VA Lennon, YU Liu, DB Bosco… - The Journal of …, 2020 - Am Soc Clin Investig
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a severe inflammatory autoimmune CNS disorder triggered
by binding of an IgG autoantibody to the aquaporin 4 (AQP4) water channel on astrocytes …

The cytokines interleukin-6 and interferon-α induce distinct microglia phenotypes

PK West, AN McCorkindale, B Guennewig… - Journal of …, 2022 - Springer
Background Elevated production of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 or interferon (IFN)-α in the
central nervous system (CNS) is implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases …

Vascular pathology in multiple sclerosis: reframing pathogenesis around the blood-brain barrier

JI Spencer, JS Bell, GC DeLuca - Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery …, 2018 - jnnp.bmj.com
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption has long been recognised as an important early feature
of multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology. Traditionally, this has been seen as a by-product of the …