German Advisory Committee Blood (Arbeitskreis Blut), Subgroup 'Assessment of Pathogens
Transmissible by Blood'tein, TM) are derived. In addition to the structural proteins, the HIV …

The identification of phenotypically distinct HIV-1 variants with different prevalence during
the progression of the disease has been one of the earliest discoveries in HIV-1 biology, but …

High levels of HIV-1 replication during the chronic phase of infection usually correlate with
rapid progression to severe immunodeficiency. However, a minority of highly viremic …

Background. The positive impact of opioid substitution treatment (OST) on opioid-dependent
individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is well documented …

Background Various patterns of HIV-1 disease progression are described in clinical practice
and in research. There is a need to assess the specificity of commonly used definitions of …

Objective: Cysteine-cysteine receptor 5 (CCR5)-using viruses classically predominate
during HIV-1 primary infection but the frequency of cysteine-X-cysteine receptor 4 (CXCR4) …

Background Diagnosis of primary HIV infection (PHI) has important clinical and public health
implications. HAART initiation at this stage remains controversial. Methods Our objective …

Genomic studies involving well‐defined multicenter cohorts of HIV‐1/AIDS covering multiple
populations have led to a greater understanding of the role of host determinants in viral …

Objective: The objective of this study is to identify human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and
killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genotypes associated with different risks for …

The understanding of HIV-1 pathogenesis and clinical progression is incomplete due to the
variable contribution of host, immune, and viral factors. The involvement of viral factors has …