There are inherited challenges and barriers the UK government faces in meeting the 80%
carbon reduction target by 2050 compared to 1990 baseline. Technically research shows …

Artificial lighting is a constant companion in everyday private and working life, influencing
visibility in interior spaces as well as outdoors. In recent years, new technical solutions have …

Light is necessary for vision; it enables us to sense and perceive our surroundings and in
many direct and indirect ways, via eye and skin, affects our physiological and psychological …

The connection of nature has been demonstrated to have a positive effect on humans'
health, behaviors, and well-being. In buildings, the visual window can provide natural views …

Building automation systems are building control and management systems that
control/operate different systems in a building such as HVAC, lighting, safety systems …

This work aims to reduce the energy consumption of existing buildings through retrofitting
and converting them into net zero energy buildings (NZEBs). Various retrofits for an existing …

This article presents and discusses the lessons learned from the monitoring of 25 integrated
daylighting and electric lighting international case study projects. The case studies consist of …

Artificial lighting is one of the major electricity consumption in commercial buildings and
consumed about 17% of the total electrical energy. Therefore, there is a great potential to …

Well-designed and properly implemented Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS)
can contribute to a reduction of the energy consumption in buildings, while increasing …

Electric lighting energy expenses has gained importance in the last decades representing a
large part of the global energy expense worldwide. The increase of the proportion of glazed …