Systemic insecticides are applied to plants using a wide variety of methods, ranging from
foliar sprays to seed treatments and soil drenches. Neonicotinoids and fipronil are among …

Neonicotinoid insecticides are successfully applied to control pests in a variety of
agricultural crops; however, they may not only affect pest insects but also non-target …

Highlights•In 20 years neonicotinoids have become the most widely used class of
insecticides.•Neonicotinoids have transformed the agrochemical landscape for …

Insecticides are chemicals used to kill insects, so it is unsurprising that many insecticides
have the potential to harm honey bees (Apis mellifera). However, bees are exposed to a …

Abstract The Guidance Document is intended to provide guidance for notifiers and
authorities in the context of the review of plant protection products (PPPs) and their active …

Many factors can negatively affect honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) health including the
pervasive use of systemic neonicotinoid insecticides. Through direct consumption of …

Here we present results of a three-year study to determine the fate of imidacloprid residues
in hive matrices and to assess chronic sublethal effects on whole honey bee colonies fed …

There has been recent interest in the threat to bees posed by the use of systemic
insecticides. One concern is that systemic insecticides may translocate from the soil into …

There is increasing worldwide concern about the impacts of pesticide residues on honey
bees and bee colony survival, but how sublethal effects of pesticides on bees might cause …

Neonicotinoids are the most widely used class of insecticides in the world, but they have
raised numerous concerns regarding their effects on biodiversity. Thus, the objective of this …