In all cities and urban areas, the risk faced by people and assets from hazards associated
with climate change has increased (high confidence1). Urban areas are now home to 4.2 …

Many studies have stated the results of interventions presented in refugee camps to improve
the quality of refugees' lives and reduce their suffering. However, there has been no formal …

More than a billion people live in informal settlements worldwide. Their high exposure and
vulnerability increase the risk of disaster in their lives. Global changes challenge the …

At least 617 cases of fire disasters were recorded in Balikpapan City from 2010 to 2020. In
response, fire disaster mitigation is still a problem, especially in dense residential areas and …

Fire hazards have become increasingly widespread in urban settings. Despite numerous
fatalities and injuries, there is a dearth of information in Bangladesh about public …

According to recent UN reports, it is estimated that more than one billion people live in
informal settlements globally, exposing them to a large potential fire risk. In previous …

The specific risk assessment of informal settlements (IS) is important for the management of
IS and protection of environmental safety and public health. In this paper, we introduced the …

Informal settlements and settlements of displaced communities (eg, humanitarian
settlements) provide crucial shelter for people, including those negatively impacted by …

Characterising the risk of the fire spread in informal settlements relies on the ability to
understand compartment fires with boundary conditions that are significantly different to …

Anthropogenic climate change has increased the frequency and intensity of fires. Despite
their widespread consequences, current research has largely overlooked urban fires and …