The nature of the early martian climate is one of the major unanswered questions of
planetary science. Key challenges remain, but a new wave of orbital and in situ observations …

Abstract The Kepler Mission is a space observatory launched in 2009 by NASA to monitor
170 000 stars over a period of four years to determine the frequency of Earth-size and larger …

Mass and radius are two of the most fundamental properties of an astronomical object.
Increasingly, new planet discoveries are being announced with a measurement of one of …

Abstract The Kepler Mission was designed to identify and characterize transiting planets in
the Kepler Field of View and to determine their occurrence rates. Emphasis was placed on …

We show that terrestrial planets in the habitable zones of M dwarfs older than∼ 1 Gyr could
have been in runaway greenhouses for several hundred million years following their …

Many stellar models present difficulties in reproducing basic observational relations of very
low mass stars (VLMS), including the mass–radius relation and the optical colour …

Abstract The California-Kepler Survey (CKS) is an observational program developed to
improve our knowledge of the properties of stars found to host transiting planets by NASA's …

The original Kepler mission achieved high photometric precision thanks to ultrastable
pointing enabled by use of four reaction wheels. The loss of two of these reaction wheels …

ABSTRACT We present EPIC Variability Extraction and Removal for Exoplanet Science
Targets (EVEREST), an open-source pipeline for removing instrumental noise from K2 light …

The habitability of the surface of any planet is determined by a complex evolution of its
interior, surface, and atmosphere. The electromagnetic and particle radiation of stars drive …