We commonly acknowledge that bacterial viruses (phages) shape the composition and
evolution of bacterial communities in nature and therefore have important roles in ecosystem …

Viruses of bacteria (bacteriophages or phage) have broad effects on bacterial ecology and
evolution in nature that mediate microbial interactions, shape bacterial diversity, and …

There is no doubt that the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19 is mutating
and thus has the potential to adapt during the current pandemic. Whether this evolution will …

Why is it that some parasites cause high levels of host damage (ie virulence) whereas others
are relatively benign? There are now numerous reviews of virulence evolution in the …

Parasitic infections are ubiquitous in wildlife, livestock and human populations, and healthy
ecosystems are often parasite rich. Yet, their negative impacts can be extreme …

Bacteria have a range of distinct immune strategies that provide protection against
bacteriophage (phage) infections. While much has been learned about the mechanism of …

In wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), the stable operation of biological wastewater
treatment is strongly dependent on the stability of associated microbiota. Bacteriophages …

Many viruses cause both lytic infections, where they release viral particles, and dormant
infections, where they await future opportunities to reactivate. 1 The benefits of each …

This article reviews research on the evolutionary mechanisms leading to different
transmission modes. Such modes are often under genetic control of the host or the …

Many pathogens have evolved the ability to induce latent infections of their hosts. The
bacteriophage λ is a classical model for exploring the regulation and the evolution of …