Fueled by aging populations and continued environmental contamination, the global burden
of Parkinson's disease (PD) is increasing. The disease, or more appropriately diseases …

In a range of neurological conditions, including movement disorders, sex-related differences
are emerging not only in brain anatomy and function, but also in pathogenesis, clinical …

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a wide class of disorders of the central nervous
system (CNS) with unknown etiology. Several factors were hypothesized to be involved in …

Background: Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) is a common treatment method for
menopausal syndrome; however, its therapeutic value for the treatment of neurological …

Sex is a critical factor in the diagnosis and development of a number of mental health
disorders including autism, schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, Parkinson's disease …

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is 1.5 times more
common in males than in females. While motor progression tends to be more aggressive in …

Previous studies have shown less access to deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's
disease (PD) in women compared to men raising concerns about a potential gender gap …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder etiologically linked to the loss of
substantia nigra (SN) dopaminergic neurons in the mid-brain. The etiopathology of sporadic …

Parkinson's disease varies in severity and age of onset. One source of this variability is sex.
Males are twice as likely as females to develop Parkinson's disease, and tend to have more …

Abstract Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer's disease (AD),
Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), exhibit high phenotypic …