Antarctica is experiencing significant ecological and environmental change, which may
facilitate the establishment of non‐native marine species. Non‐native marine species will …

Alien microbes, fungi, plants and animals occur on most of the sub-Antarctic islands and
some parts of the Antarctic continent. These have arrived over approximately the last two …

The Antarctic is considered to be a pristine environment relative to other regions of the Earth,
but it is increasingly vulnerable to invasions by marine, freshwater and terrestrial non‐native …

We review the scientific literature, especially from the past decade, on the impacts of human
activities on the Antarctic environment. A range of impacts has been identified at a variety of …

Human activities in Antarctica were increasing before the COVID-19 pandemic, and tourism
was not an exception. The growth and diversification of Antarctic tourism over the last few …

To understand how planet Earth works we study it increasingly as a system–a collection of
interdependent parts or spheres–the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the cryosphere, the …

Ballast water has been widely used by commercial vessels to control trim, draft and stability
since the late 1870s. While the global transport of ballast water (and associated sediments) …

There is now general consensus that climate change is a global threat and a challenge for
the 21st century. More and more information is available demonstrating how increased …

Antarctica, an isolated and long considered pristine wilderness, is becoming increasingly
exposed to the negative effects of ship-borne human activity, and especially the introduction …

The manuscript assesses the current and expected future global drivers of Southern Ocean
(SO) ecosystems. Atmospheric ozone depletion over the Antarctic since the 1970s, has been …