The relationship between the brain and the environment is flexible, forming the foundation
for our ability to learn. Here we review the current state of our understanding of the …

Learning and memory are associated with the formation and modification of neuronal
assemblies: populations of neurons that encode what has been learned and mediate …

Top-down prefrontal cortex inputs to the hippocampus have been hypothesized to be
important in memory consolidation, retrieval, and the pathophysiology of major psychiatric …

We determined how learning modifies neural representations in primary visual cortex (V1)
during acquisition of a visually guided behavioral task. We imaged the activity of the same …

How learning enhances neural representations for behaviorally relevant stimuli via activity
changes of cortical cell types remains unclear. We simultaneously imaged responses of …

Theories have proposed that, in sensory cortices, learning can enhance top-down
modulation by higher brain areas while reducing bottom-up sensory drives. To address …

Early sensory experience instructs the maturation of neural circuitry in the cortex,. This has
been studied extensively in the primary visual cortex, in which loss of vision to one eye …

Neocortical activity can evoke sensory percepts, but the cellular mechanisms remain poorly
understood. We trained mice to detect single brief whisker stimuli and report perceived …

There is now compelling evidence that the allocation of memory to specific neurons
(neuronal allocation) and synapses (synaptic allocation) in a neurocircuit is not random and …

Computations in neocortical circuits are predominantly driven by synaptic integration of
excitatory glutamatergic and inhibitory GABAergic inputs. New optical, electrophysiological …