Applications of the Internet of Things (IoT) are rapidly utilized in smart buildings and smart
cities to reduce energy consumption. This advancement has caused a knowledge gap in …

Transforming ordinary buildings into smart building (SB) s, considered as 'smart retrofitting
(SR)', requires retrofit works that involve smart technology applications. Given the limited …

This study addresses the growing challenges of energy consumption and the depletion of
energy resources, particularly in the context of smart buildings. As the demand for energy …

In the fight against climate change, and to improve its sustainability standards, the building
sector is trying to reduce its energy consumption and environmental footprint. Leveraging …

As a result of climate change and environmental pollutants becoming more prevalent in the
environment, this paper introduces an innovative approach to energy systems that uses …

Renewable energy integration in buildings is one of the promising alternatives to reduce
fossil energy consumption for electricity, cooling and heating demands of buildings and …

Purpose Predictive digital twin technology, which amalgamates digital twins (DT), the
internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) for data collection, simulation and …

Air pollution is the contamination of the atmosphere by any biological, physical, or chemical
means. Bengaluru, the Silicon Valley of India, has air pollution levels that exceed WHO …

The global transition from traditional electrical grids to smart grids is well underway: the
primary objective of smart grids is to optimize energy flows, achieving improved energy …

We refer to an interconnected city with shared intelligence when discussing Smart City and
Internet of Things (IoT) sensors—a city governed in real time thanks to the recently gained …