Age is the main risk factor for a number of human diseases, including neurodegenerative
disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral …

Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disorder that can cause
dementia in elderly over 60 years of age. One of the disease hallmarks is oxidative stress …

Abstract Significance: The thioredoxin (Trx) and glutathione (GSH) systems play important
roles in maintaining the redox balance in the brain, a tissue that is prone to oxidative stress …

Glutaredoxin, Grx, is a small protein containing an active site cysteine pair and was
discovered in 1976 by Arne Holmgren. The Grx system, comprised of Grx, glutathione …

The redox process and cellular senescence are involved in a range of essential
physiological functions. However, they are also implicated in pathological processes …

Abstract Thioredoxins (Trxs), glutaredoxins (Grxs), and peroxiredoxins (Prxs) have been
characterized as electron donors, guards of the intracellular redox state, and “antioxidants” …

The brain is a metabolically active organ exhibiting high oxygen consumption and robust
production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The large amounts of ROS are kept in check …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly, with
increasing prevalence and no disease‐modifying treatment available yet. A remarkable …

Apoptosis is a conserved homeostatic process critical for organ and tissue morphogenesis,
development, and senescence. This form of programmed cell death also participates in the …

Estrogens play a crucial physiological function in the brain; however, debates exist
concerning the role of estrogens in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Women during pre-, peri-, or …