Measuring pollinator performance has become increasingly important with emerging needs
for risk assessment in conservation and sustainable agriculture that require multi‐year and …

A growing number of studies on naturally occurring plant species have shown that plant-
plant interactions for pollination vary from competitive to facilitative. In reviewing the seven …

Pollen ranges from 2.5% to 61% protein content. Most pollen proteins are likely to be
enzymes that function during pollen tube growth and subsequent fertilization, but the vast …

My objective is the examination of selective forces that affect pollen number. Relationships
among other floral traits of animal-pollinated plants, including pollen size, stigma area and …

Although pollination effectiveness is a central process underlying the evolution of plant and
pollinator traits, it is difficult to measure and has rarely been reported for a diverse spectrum …

Phenotypic selection on flower size in animal‐pollinated plants can only occur when fitness
is limited by pollinator visitation and when there is a relationship between flower size and …

To what extent do studies of the ecology of mutualistic interactions inform us about the
evolution of such relationships? As I will show below, the evolution of floral diversity seems …

The relationships between flowering plants and their insect visitors were studied in a
Mediterranean grassland in north-east Spain. Floral traits (size, shape, symmetry, and …

The contribution of a pollinator toward plant fitness (ie, its “effectiveness”) can determine its
importance for the plant's evolutionary ecology. We compared pollinators in a population of …

The seeming ubiquity of spatio‐temporal variation in pollination regime suggests that
flowers ought to be adapted to a wide range of pollinators, yet many comparative biologists …