The face is the most distinctive feature used to identify others. Modern humans have a short,
retracted face beneath a large globular braincase that is distinctively different from that of our …

Adenotonsillar hypertrophy has been well-acknowledged as the primary instigator of sleep-
disordered breathing in the pediatric population. This condition spans a spectrum, from …

Agricultural foods and technologies are thought to have eased the mechanical demands of
diet—how often or how hard one had to chew—in human populations worldwide. Some …

Three adaptive hypotheses have been forwarded to explain the distinctive Neanderthal
face:(i) an improved ability to accommodate high anterior bite forces,(ii) more effective …

Ontogenetic changes in the human masticatory complex suggest that bite force, a key
measure of chewing performance, increases throughout growth and development. Current …

The biology of the American horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, is well documented—
including its dietary habits, particularly the ability to crush shell with gnathobasic walking …

Teeth must fracture foods while avoiding being fractured themselves. This study evaluated
dome biomechanical models used to describe tooth strength. Finite-element analysis (FEA) …

Any change in the energetic cost of mammalian mastication will affect the net energy gain
from foods. Although the energetic efficiency of masticatory effort is fundamental in …

The craniofacial skeleton is often described in the clinical literature as being comprised of
vertical bony pillars, which transmit forces from the toothrow to the neurocranium as axial …

Three dimensional (3D) printing allows additive manufacturing of patient specific scaffolds
with varying pore size and geometry. Such porous scaffolds, made of 3D-printable bone-like …