ApoE is the major lipid and cholesterol carrier in the CNS. There are three major human
polymorphisms, apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4, and the genetic expression of APOE4 is one of …

As brutally demonstrated by the COVID-19 pandemic, an effective immune system is
essential for survival. Developed over evolutionary time, viral nucleic acid detection is a …

A hallmark of nervous system aging is a decline of white matter volume and function, but the
underlying mechanisms leading to white matter pathology are unknown. In the present …

The immune system of the central nervous system (CNS) consists primarily of innate
immune cells. These are highly specialized macrophages found either in the parenchyma …

Microglia are resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that are capable of
carrying out prominent and various functions during development and adulthood under both …

Microglia were first recognized as a distinct cell population in the CNS one century ago. For
a long time, they were primarily considered to be phagocytes responsible for removing …

Type I interferon (IFN) is a key cytokine that curbs viral infection and cell malignancy.
Previously, we demonstrated a potent IFN immunogenicity of nucleic acid–containing (NA …

The past 20 years have seen the definition of human monogenic disorders and their
autoimmune phenocopies underlying either defective or enhanced type I interferon (IFN) …

The sustained proliferation of microglia is a key hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD),
accelerating its progression. Here, we aim to understand the long-term impact of the early …

INTRODUCTION Under homeostasis, the central nervous system (CNS) hosts microglia
(MG) and CNS-associated macrophages (CAMs). During experimental autoimmune …