Abstract Based on the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports of this thematic issue in Earth
System Dynamics and recent peer-reviewed literature, current knowledge of the effects of …

Coastal environments, in particular heavily populated semi-enclosed marginal seas and
coasts like the Baltic Sea region, are strongly affected by human activities. A multitude of …

Location, specific topography, and hydrographic setting together with climate change and
strong anthropogenic pressure are the main factors sha** the biogeochemical functioning …

A natural hazard is a naturally occurring extreme event that has a negative effect on people
and society or the environment. Natural hazards may have severe implications for human …

Abstract Among the Baltic Sea littoral states, Germany is anticipated to endure considerable
damage as a result of increased coastal flooding due to sea-level rise (SLR). Consequently …

High alkalinity values observed in coastal seas promote the uptake of CO2 from the
atmosphere. However, the alkalinity budget of coastal areas and marginal seas is poorly …

Various manifestations of climate change have led to complicated patterns of reactions of
the Baltic Sea shores to varying hydrodynamic drivers. The northern and western bedrock …

Saltmarshes are known for their ability to act as effective sinks of organic carbon (OC) and
their protection and restoration could potentially slow down the pace of global warming …

A significant increase in the human population on marine coast and steady growth of
maritime water transport causes the construction of port infrastructure and the creation of …

Abstract In the Baltic Sea, salinity and its large variability, both horizontal and vertical, are
key physical factors in determining the overall stratification conditions. In addition to that …