Striatal dopamine and acetylcholine are essential for the selection and reinforcement of
motor actions and decision-making. In vitro studies have revealed an intrastriatal circuit in …

This review explores the evolving landscape of G‐protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR)‐based
genetically encoded fluorescent indicators (GEFIs), with a focus on their development …

Circadian clocks are important regulators of physiology and behavior. In the brain, circadian
clocks have been described in many centers of the central reward system. They affect …

Dopamine neurons project to the striatum to control movement, cognition, and motivation via
slower volume transmission as well as faster dopamine, glutamate, and GABA synaptic …

Schizophrenia is a neuropsychiatric disorder with postulated neurodevelopmental etiology.
Genetic and imaging studies have shown enhanced dopamine and D2 receptor occupancy …

Impulsive choice, often characterized by excessive preference for small, short-term rewards
over larger, long-term rewards, is a prominent feature of substance use and other …

Learning action sequences is necessary for normal daily activities. Medium spiny neurons
(MSNs) in the dorsal striatum (dStr) encode action sequences through changes in firing at …

This study focused on α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation in the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) so
as to investigate its role in the cognitive flexibility of Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we …

Within the basal ganglia, striatal dopamine (DA) and acetylcholine (Ach) are essential for the
selection and reinforcement of motor actions and decision making. In vitro studies have …

Striatal acetylcholine (ACh) has been linked to behavioral flexibility. A key component of
flexibility is down-regulating responding as valued cues and actions become decoupled …