Climate change may impact ocean ecosystems through a number of mechanisms, including
shifts in primary productivity or plankton community structure, ocean acidification, and …

Given the ecological and economic importance of eastern boundary upwelling systems like
the California Current System (CCS), their evolution under climate change is of considerable …

Efforts to manage living marine resources (LMRs) under climate change need projections of
future ocean conditions, yet most global climate models (GCMs) poorly represent critical …

This contribution describes the ocean biogeochemical component of the Geophysical Fluid
Dynamics Laboratory's Earth System Model 4.1 (GFDL‐ESM4. 1), assesses GFDL‐ESM4 …

The concentration of chlorophyll‐a (CHL) is an important proxy for autotrophic biomass and
primary production in the ocean. Quantifying trends and variability in CHL are essential to …

Marine ecosystem forecasting is an area of active research and rapid development. Promise
has been shown for skillful prediction of physical, biogeochemical, and ecological variables …

Recent marine heatwaves in the Gulf of Alaska have had devastating impacts on species
from various trophic levels. Due to climate change, total heat exposure in the upper ocean …

Coastal ecosystems are increasingly threatened by anthropogenic stressors such as harmful
algal blooms and hypoxia through the combined effects of eutrophication and warming. As a …

Exposure to the impact of ocean acidification (OA) is increasing in high-latitudinal productive
habitats. Pelagic calcifying snails (pteropods), a significant component of the diet of …

Uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by the surface ocean is
leading to global ocean acidification, but regional variations in ocean circulation and mixing …