A survey of approaches and challenges in 3D and multi-modal 3D+ 2D face recognition

KW Bowyer, K Chang, P Flynn - Computer vision and image understanding, 2006 - Elsevier
This survey focuses on recognition performed by matching models of the three-dimensional
shape of the face, either alone or in combination with matching corresponding two …

A comprehensive survey on 3D face recognition methods

M Li, B Huang, G Tian - Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 2022 - Elsevier
Abstract 3D face recognition (3DFR) has emerged as an effective means of characterizing
facial identity over the past several decades. Depending on the types of techniques used in …

Learning from millions of 3D scans for large-scale 3D face recognition

SZ Gilani, A Mian - Proceedings of the IEEE conference on …, 2018 - openaccess.thecvf.com
Deep networks trained on millions of facial images are believed to be closely approaching
human-level performance in face recognition. However, open world face recognition still …

An efficient multimodal 2D-3D hybrid approach to automatic face recognition

A Mian, M Bennamoun, R Owens - IEEE transactions on pattern …, 2007 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
We present a fully automatic face recognition algorithm and demonstrate its performance on
the FRGC v2. 0 data. Our algorithm is multimodal (2D and 3D) and performs hybrid (feature …

Three-dimensional face recognition in the presence of facial expressions: An annotated deformable model approach

IA Kakadiaris, G Passalis, G Toderici… - … on pattern analysis …, 2007 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
In this paper, we present the computational tools and a hardware prototype for 3D face
recognition. Full automation is provided through the use of advanced multistage alignment …

Multiple nose region matching for 3D face recognition under varying facial expression

KI Chang, KW Bowyer, PJ Flynn - IEEE Transactions on Pattern …, 2006 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
An algorithm is proposed for 3D face recognition in the presence of varied facial
expressions. It is based on combining the match scores from matching multiple overlap** …

3D face recognition using isogeodesic stripes

S Berretti, A Del Bimbo, P Pala - IEEE transactions on pattern …, 2010 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
In this paper, we present a novel approach to 3D face matching that shows high
effectiveness in distinguishing facial differences between distinct individuals from …

Keypoint detection and local feature matching for textured 3D face recognition

AS Mian, M Bennamoun, R Owens - International Journal of Computer …, 2008 - Springer
Holistic face recognition algorithms are sensitive to expressions, illumination, pose,
occlusions and makeup. On the other hand, feature-based algorithms are robust to such …

3d face recognition: Two decades of progress and prospects

Y Guo, H Wang, L Wang, Y Lei, L Liu… - ACM Computing …, 2023 - dl.acm.org
Three-dimensional (3D) face recognition has been extensively investigated in the last two
decades due to its wide range of applications in many areas, such as security and forensics …

Robust 3D face recognition by local shape difference boosting

Y Wang, J Liu, X Tang - IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis …, 2010 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
This paper proposes a new 3D face recognition approach, Collective Shape Difference
Classifier (CSDC), to meet practical application requirements, ie, high recognition …