The barn owl is a well-known model system for studying auditory processing and sound
localization. This article reviews the morphological and functional organization, as well as …

Habituation is the most basic form of learning, yet many gaps remain in our understanding of
its underlying neural mechanisms. We demonstrate that in the owl's optic tectum (OT), a …

It is well established that the optic tectum (or its mammalian homologue, the superior
colliculus) is involved in directing gaze toward salient stimuli. However, salient stimuli …

A common visual pathway in all amniotes is the tectofugal pathway connecting the optic
tectum with the forebrain. The tectofugal pathway has been suggested to be involved in …

Owls are highly efficient predators with a specialized auditory system designed to aid in the
localization of prey. One of the most unique anatomical features of the owl auditory system is …

Auditory neurons in the owl's external nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICX) integrate
information across frequency channels to create a map of auditory space. This study …

Barn owls process sound-localization information in two parallel pathways, the midbrain and
the forebrain pathway. Exctracellular recordings of neural responses to auditory stimuli from …

Processing multimodal sensory information is vital for behaving animals in many contexts.
The barn owl, an auditory specialist, is a classic model for studying multisensory integration …

A multiplicative combination of tuning to interaural time difference (ITD) and interaural level
difference (ILD) contributes to the generation of spatially selective auditory neurons in the …

The avian inferior colliculus (IC), also referred to as the nucleus mesencephalicus lateralis
pars dorsalis (MLd), is an auditory midbrain nucleus that converges auditory cues from …