Brine, also known as concentrate, is the by-product of the desalination process that has an
adverse impact on the environment due to its high salinity. Hence, viable and cost-effective …

Forward osmosis (FO) has become a promising membrane technology for desalination and
water treatment due to its simplicity, low energy consumption, and low fouling tendency …

Freshwater scarcity is one of the most important issues facing the world today. To address
this issue, processes have been developed to purify and desalinate water at an industrial …

Socio-economic development and new technological advancements have greatly increased
the demand for metals, minerals and nutrients. Thus, substantial interest in develo** …

In recent years, polyelectrolyte-incorporated functional materials have emerged as novel
adsorbents for effective remediation of pollutants in water and wastewater. Polyelectrolytes …

In recent years, membrane technologies have been developed to address water shortage
and energy crisis. Forward osmosis (FO), as an emerging membrane-based water treatment …

Availability and supply of fresh water is one of the most relevant challenges to be faced in
the upcoming years. Efforts are being made worldwide to develop cost-effective and …

Forward Osmosis is a promising strategy for desalination processes, however some aspects
have to be better characterized to make it competitive with other affirmed technologies. One …

Forward osmosis (FO) has been recently regarded as a promising water treatment
technology due to its lower energy consumption and lower membrane fouling propensity …

Water production has become a serious concern nowadays due to many environmental and
social factors. Conventional desalination processes are considered as energy-intensive, as …