All living things depend on their natural environment, either directly or indirectly, for their
high quality of life, growth, nutrition, and development. Due to the fast emissions of …

Partitioning uncertainty in projections of future climate change into contributions from
internal variability, model response uncertainty and emissions scenarios has historically …

While climate change mitigation targets necessarily concern maximum mean state changes,
understanding impacts and develo** adaptation strategies will be largely contingent on …

Extreme temperature events have occurred in all ocean basins in the past two decades with
detrimental impacts on marine biodiversity, ecosystem functions, and services. However …

The Paris Agreement calls for emissions reductions to limit climate change, but how will the
carbon cycle change if it is successful? The land and oceans currently absorb roughly half of …

Single model initial-condition large ensembles (SMILEs) are valuable tools that can be used
to investigate the climate system. SMILEs allow scientists to quantify and separate the …

Anthropogenic changes in the variability of precipitation stand to impact both natural and
human systems in profound ways. Precipitation variability encompasses not only extremes …

The seasonal cycle is the dominant mode of variability in the air‐sea CO2 flux in most
regions of the global ocean, yet discrepancies between different seasonality estimates are …

Internal climate variability co‐exists with anthropogenic climate change and places limits on
the accuracy of regional climate projections due to its inherent unpredictability. This “certain” …

Reducing uncertainty in the global carbon budget requires better quantification of ocean
CO2 uptake and its temporal variability. Several methodologies for reconstructing air‐sea …