Shifts in species distributions are a common ecological response to climate change, and
global temperature rise is often hypothesized as the primary driver. However, the directions …

Climate change and urbanization are two of the most prominent global drivers of biodiversity
and ecosystem change. Fully understanding, predicting and mitigating the biological …

Climate change may be a major threat to biodiversity in the next 100 years. Although there
has been important work on mechanisms of decline in some species, it generally remains …

Recent assessment reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and
the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services …

Diatoms sustain the marine food web and contribute to the export of carbon from the surface
ocean to depth. They account for about 40% of marine primary productivity and particulate …

Local adaptations can determine the potential of populations to respond to environmental
changes, yet adaptive genetic variation is commonly ignored in models forecasting species …

The geographic distributions of marine species are changing rapidly, with leading range
edges following climate poleward, deeper, and in other directions and trailing range edges …

The topics assessed in this chapter were last assessed by the IPCC in 2007, principally in
WGII AR4 Chapters 3 (Kundzewicz et al., 2007) and 4 (Fischlin et al., 2007), but also in WGII …

Biotic interactions drive key ecological and evolutionary processes and mediate ecosystem
responses to climate change. The direction, frequency, and intensity of biotic interactions …

Climate change poses critical challenges for population persistence in natural communities,
for agriculture and environmental sustainability, and for food security. In this review, we …