Over 600 million years ago, animals evolved from a unicellular or colonial organism whose
cell (s) captured bacteria with a collar complex, a flagellum surrounded by a microvillar …

The cilium is a complex organelle, the assembly of which requires the coordination of motor-
driven intraflagellar transport (IFT), membrane trafficking and selective import of cilium …

Cilia play many essential roles in fluid transport and cellular locomotion, and as sensory
hubs for a variety of signal transduction pathways. Despite having a conserved basic …

Cilia and flagella are ancient, evolutionarily conserved organelles that project from cell
surfaces to perform diverse biological roles, including whole-cell locomotion; movement of …

Cilia and flagella are widespread cell organelles that have been highly conserved
throughout evolution and play important roles in motility, sensory perception, and the life …

Intraflagellar transport (IFT) of ciliary precursors such as tubulin from the cytoplasm to the
ciliary tip is involved in the construction of the cilium, a hairlike organelle found on most …

Centrosomes, which were first described in the late 19th century, are found in most animal
cells and undergo duplication once every cell cycle so that their number remains stable, like …

Between the early 1930s and his death in 1953, Joseph Stalin had more than a million of his
own citizens executed. Millions more fell victim to forced labor, deportation, famine, bloody …

Cilia and flagella have attracted tremendous attention in recent years as research
demonstrated crucial roles for these organelles in coordinating a number of physiologically …

Microalgae constitute a diverse group of eukaryotic unicellular organisms that are of interest
for pure and applied research. Owing to their natural synthesis of value‐added natural …