This review paper comprehensively examines the dynamic landscape of 3D printing and
Machine Learning utilizing biodegradable polymers and their composites, presenting a …

1 Design Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel
45200, Nepal; abishek. kafle@ ku. edu. np (AK); ramansilwal24@ gmail. com (RS) 2 Faculty …

Recent advances in multi‐material 3D and 4D printing (time as the fourth dimension) show
that the technology has the potential to extend the design space beyond complex …

Abstract Magneto-/electro-responsive polymers (MERPs) are a class of stimuli-responsive
materials that are actuated when triggered by external magnetic/electric fields. MERPs …

Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are a class of recently emerged smart materials
whose moduli are largely influenced when exposed to an external magnetic field. The MREs …

Magnetoactive soft materials (MSMs) are soft polymeric composites filled with magnetic
particles that are an emerging class of smart and multifunctional materials with immense …

Hard-magnetic soft composites consist of magneto-active polymers (MAPs) where the fillers
are composed of hard-magnetic (magnetically polarised) particles. These novel …

The idea of four-dimensional (4D) printing is the formation of intricate stimuli-responsive 3D
architectures that transform into different forms and shapes upon exposure to environmental …

Magnetically responsive soft materials are soft composites where magnetic fillers are
embedded into soft polymeric matrices. These active materials have attracted extensive …

Smart materials, also known as intelligent materials, which are responsive to the external
stimuli including heat, moisture, stress, pH, and magnetic fields, have found extensive …