Diffusion-based tractography in neurological disorders: concepts, applications, and future developments

O Ciccarelli, M Catani, H Johansen-Berg… - The Lancet …, 2008 - thelancet.com
Diffusion-based tractography enables the graphical reconstruction of the white matter
pathways in the brain and spinal cord of living humans. This technique has many potential …

Brainstem control of locomotion and muscle tone with special reference to the role of the mesopontine tegmentum and medullary reticulospinal systems

K Takakusaki, R Chiba, T Nozu, T Okumura - Journal of neural …, 2016 - Springer
The lateral part of the mesopontine tegmentum contains functionally important structures
involved in the control of posture and gait. Specifically, the mesencephalic locomotor region …

Targeted activation of midbrain neurons restores locomotor function in mouse models of parkinsonism

D Masini, O Kiehn - Nature communications, 2022 - nature.com
The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is a locomotor command area containing
glutamatergic neurons that control locomotor initiation and maintenance. These motor …

Free-water imaging in Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonism

PJ Planetta, E Ofori, O Pasternak, RG Burciu, P Shukla… - Brain, 2016 - academic.oup.com
Conventional single tensor diffusion analysis models have provided mixed findings in the
substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease, but recent work using a bi-tensor analysis model …

Asymmetric pedunculopontine network connectivity in parkinsonian patients with freezing of gait

BW Fling, RG Cohen, M Mancini, JG Nutt, DA Fair… - Brain, 2013 - academic.oup.com
Freezing of gait is one of the most debilitating symptoms in Parkinson's disease as it causes
falls and reduces mobility and quality of life. The pedunculopontine nucleus is one of the …

Topographical organization of the pedunculopontine nucleus

C Martinez-Gonzalez, JP Bolam… - Frontiers in …, 2011 - frontiersin.org
Neurons in the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) exhibit a wide heterogeneity in terms of
their neurochemical nature, their discharge properties, and their connectivity. Such …

A review of the pedunculopontine nucleus in Parkinson's disease

IT French, KA Muthusamy - Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 2018 - frontiersin.org
The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is situated in the upper pons in the dorsolateral
portion of the ponto-mesencephalic tegmentum. Its main mass is positioned at the trochlear …

[HTML][HTML] Deep brain stimulation for movement disorders of basal ganglia origin: restoring function or functionality?

T Wichmann, MR DeLong - Neurotherapeutics, 2016 - Elsevier
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is highly effective for both hypo-and hyperkinetic movement
disorders of basal ganglia origin. The clinical use of DBS is, in part, empiric, based on the …

The multifunctional mesencephalic locomotor region

D Ryczko, R Dubuc - Current pharmaceutical design, 2013 - ingentaconnect.com
In 1966, Shik, Severin and Orlovskii discovered that electrical stimulation of a region at the
junction between the midbrain and hindbrain elicited controlled walking and running in the …

Cortical gamma oscillations: the functional key is activation, not cognition

B Merker - Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2013 - Elsevier
Cortical oscillatory synchrony in the gamma range has been attracting increasing attention
in cognitive neuroscience ever since being proposed as a solution to the so-called binding …