Biodiversity today has the unusual property that 85% of plant and animal species live on
land rather than in the sea, and half of these live in tropical rainforests. An explosive boost to …

The Andes are the world's most biodiverse mountain chain, encompassing a complex array
of ecosystems from tropical rainforests to alpine habitats. We provide a synthesis of Andean …

Explaining broad molecular, phenotypic and species biodiversity patterns necessitates a
unifying framework spanning multiple evolutionary scales. Here we argue that although …

The fossil record is the primary source of information on how biodiversity has varied in deep
time, providing unique insight on the long-term dynamics of diversification and their drivers …

The extinction of the dinosaurs and around three-quarters of all living species was almost
certainly caused by a large asteroid impact 66 million years ago. Seismic data acquired …

Fungus-farming ants cultivate multiple lineages of fungi for food, but, because fungal cultivar
relationships are largely unresolved, the history of fungus-ant coevolution remains poorly …

The origin of flowering plants (angiosperms) was one of the most transformative events in
the history of our planet. Despite considerable interest from multiple research fields …

This review explores the evolution of extant South American tropical biomes, focusing on
when and why they developed. Tropical vegetation experienced a radical transformation …

The use of the functional feeding group–damage type system for analyzing arthropod and
pathogen interactions with plants has transformed our understanding of herbivory in fossil …

The exceptional levels of biodiversity found today in the American tropics are the outcome of
tens of millions of years of evolution, shaped by the tumultuous geological history of the …