This review proposes that physical inactivity could be considered a behavior selected by
evolution for resting, and also selected to be reinforcing in life-threatening situations in …

New evidence shows that older adults need more dietary protein than do younger adults to
support good health, promote recovery from illness, and maintain functionality. Older people …

Abstract The Task Force reviewed and discussed the available literature on the
effectiveness of physiotherapy for acute and chronic critically ill adult patients. Evidence from …

The main aim of this review is to discuss some evidence-based physiological and
methodological considerations for optimal use of neuromuscular electrical stimulation …

Decreased skeletal muscle contractile activity (disuse) or unloading leads to muscle mass
loss, also known as muscle atrophy. The balance between muscle protein synthesis (MPS) …

In accordance with recent mechanistic advances, we recommend an applied, broad-based
two-phase approach to limit inactivity-mediated losses of muscle mass and function in older …

Situations such as the recovery from injury and illness can lead to enforced periods of
muscle disuse or unloading. Such circumstances lead to rapid skeletal muscle atrophy, loss …

Authored by experts of international renown, the new edition of The Biomechanics of Back
Pain forms a bridge between the latest research and the effective clinical management of …

Growth hormone (GH) is widely used as a performance‐enhancing drug. One of its best‐
characterized effects is increasing levels of circulating insulin‐like growth factor I (IGF‐I) …

Prolonged immobility is harmful with rapid reductions in muscle mass, bone mineral density
and impairment in other body systems evident within the first week of bed rest which is …