The last decade has produced exciting new ideas about retrosplenial cortex (RSC) and its
role in integrating diverse inputs. Here, we review the diversity in forms of spatial and …

Neural computations are often compared to instrument-measured distance or duration, and
such relationships are interpreted by a human observer. However, neural circuits do not …

We developed a miniaturized two-photon microscope (MINI2P) for fast, high-resolution,
multiplane calcium imaging of over 1,000 neurons at a time in freely moving mice. With a …

The hippocampus is crucial for spatial navigation and episodic memory formation.
Hippocampal place cells exhibit spatially selective activity within an environment and have …

The consolidation of spatial memory depends on the reactivation ('replay') of hippocampal
place cells that were active during recent behaviour. Such reactivation is observed during …

Since the first place cell was recorded and the cognitive-map theory was subsequently
formulated, investigation of spatial representation in the hippocampal formation has evolved …

Sharp wave ripples (SPW‐Rs) represent the most synchronous population pattern in the
mammalian brain. Their excitatory output affects a wide area of the cortex and several …

The hippocampus is traditionally thought to transmit contextual information to limbic
structures where it acquires valence. Using freely moving calcium imaging and …

An organism's survival can depend on its ability to recall and navigate to spatial locations
associated with rewards, such as food or a home. Accumulating research has revealed that …

Episodic memory involves learning and recalling associations between items and their
spatiotemporal context. Those memories can be further used to generate internal models of …