Various conceptual models to describe the plant immune system have been presented. The
most recent paradigm to gain wide acceptance in the field is often referred to as the zigzag …

The plasma membrane (PM) is the biological membrane that separates the interior of all
cells from the outside. The PM is constituted of a huge diversity of proteins and lipids. In this …

Plants and animals employ innate immune systems to cope with microbial infection. Pattern-
triggered immunity relies on the recognition of microbe-derived patterns by pattern …

Phytophthora cinnamomi is one of the most devastating plant pathogens in the world. It
infects close to 5000 species of plants, including many of importance in agriculture, forestry …

We identified a glycoside hydrolase family 12 (GH12) protein, XEG1, produced by the
soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae that exhibits xyloglucanase and β-glucanase activity …

Typically, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are considered to be conserved
throughout classes of microbes and to contribute to general microbial fitness, whereas …

Phytophthora species are notorious pathogens of several economically important crop
plants. Several general elicitors, commonly referred to as Pathogen-Associated Molecular …

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a pathogenic fungus that infects hundreds of plant species,
including many of the world's most important crops. Key features of S. sclerotiorum include …

The ascomycete H ymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus (anamorph C halara fraxinea) causes a
lethal disease known as ash dieback on F raxinus excelsior and F raxinus angustifolia in E …

The vascular wilt fungi Verticillium dahliae and V. albo-atrum infect over 200 plant species,
causing billions of dollars in annual crop losses. The characteristic wilt symptoms are a …