Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are signaling molecules essential for plant responses to
abiotic and biotic stimuli as well as for multiple developmental processes. They are …

Plants have various self-defense mechanisms against biotic attacks, involving both physical
and chemical barriers. Physical barriers include spines, trichomes, and cuticle layers …

Dehydrins, also known as Group II late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, are classic
intrinsically disordered proteins, which have high hydrophilicity. A wide range of hostile …

The impact of environmental stresses like drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, and high
salinity on plants is evident in various physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes …

Recent advances in calcium signalling have proved that calcium plays a key role in
mitigating abiotic stresses and strengthening the internal defence of plants. In the present …

Ca 2+ is a metal ion essential for plant growth and development. It plays an important role in
plant signal transduction as a second messenger and is involved in most metabolic and …

Boron (B) is crucial for plant growth and development. B deficiency can impair numerous
physiological and metabolic processes, particularly in root development and pollen …

Salinity stress is a major factor affecting the nutritional and metabolic profiles of crops, thus
hindering optimal yield and productivity. Recent advances in nanotechnology propose an …

High-throughput sequencing technologies (HSTs) have revolutionized crop breeding. The
advent of these technologies has enabled the identification of beneficial quantitative trait loci …

It is vital to ramp up crop production dramatically by 2050 due to the increasing global
population and demand for food. However, with the climate change projections showing that …