Redox reactions play important roles in almost all biological processes, including
photosynthesis and respiration, which are two essential energy processes that sustain all life …

Cytochrome c (cyt c) is a small soluble heme protein characterized by a relatively flexible
structure, particularly in the ferric form, such that it is able to sample a broad conformational …

Hemes remain one of the most visible and versatile classes of cofactors utilized in biology. 1
Since their discovery, the structural and functional aspects of heme proteins have fascinated …

Redox potentials are a major contributor in controlling the electron transfer (ET) rates and
thus regulating the ET processes in the bioenergetics. To maximize the efficiency of the ET …

Enzyme-based electrochemical sensor possesses a significant advantage in the highly
efficient detection of small molecules, however, the poor electron transport efficiency limits …

The electron-conducting circuitry of life represents an as-yet untapped resource of exquisite,
nanoscale biomolecular engineering. Here, we report the characterization and structure of a …

Biological systems rely on heme-proteins to carry out a number of basic functions essential
for their survival. Hemes, or iron–porphyrin complexes, are the versatile and ubiquitous …

Combinatorial libraries of de novo amino acid sequences can provide a rich source of
diversity for the discovery of novel proteins with interesting and important activities …

Metalloproteins are involved in fundamental biological processes and utilize a relatively
small number of metal-based prosthetic groups to serve numerous and diverse chemical …

Genome analyses and the resolution of three–dimensional structures have provided
evidence in recent years for hitherto unexpected family relationships between redox proteins …