The integral components of heat exchangers and in particular the tubes, tubesheets and
tube-to-tubesheet joints have vital roles in the proper functioning of this equipment. Several …

Stainless steels are considered to be corrosion resistant; however, the performance of the
material is affected under long-term or extreme conditions. The development of high-entropy …

In addition to the prevailing electric vehicles, the hydrogen fuel cell vehicles also attract
attention for their long cruising range, quick injection speed, and low environmental …

Due to the flammable and explosive characteristics of hydrogen gas, the safe operation of
the equipment is particularly important. Any minor negligence may lead to serious accidents …

Plant turnarounds are one of the most critical events in the Saudi Arabian oil and gas
industries. Shutdowns have the potential to affect the plant's cash flow and objectives either …

Tube-to-tubesheet joints are generally considered as one of the vulnerable part of heat
exchangers, as they are sensitive to stress corrosion owing to residual stress generated …

The crystallization fouling of ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl) often occurs on heat exchange
tube bundles in petroleum refining equipment, which seriously reduces the heat transfer and …

Multiple effect evaporators (MEEs) are extensively utilized across diverse industries, such as
pulp and paper, sugar, and desalination, for the purpose of concentration and purification …

A semi water gas preheater of coal chemical plant suffered a serious leakage failure, and a
large numbers of fracture cracks were found on the tube bundles. A series of failure …

Currently, with the energy crisis, combined heat and power systems provide significant
advantages. A spiral heat exchanger (SHE) is among the greatest components utilized in …