Speciation is a fundamental evolutionary process, the knowledge of which is crucial for
understanding the origins of biodiversity. Genomic approaches are an increasingly …

Understanding the genetics of how organisms adapt to changing environments is a
fundamental topic in modern evolutionary ecology. The field is currently progressing rapidly …

Over the past decade, advances in both molecular developmental biology and evolutionary
ecology have made possible a new understanding of organisms as dynamic systems …

Parallel phenotypic diversification in closely related species is a rigorous framework for
testing the role of natural selection in evolution. Do parallel phenotypes always diversify by …

Background Analyses of speciation genes–genes that contribute to the cessation of gene
flow between populations–can offer clues regarding the ecological settings, evolutionary …

Natural selection is the process that results in adaptive evolution, but it is not the cause of
evolution. The cause of natural selection and, therefore, of adaptive evolution, is any …

Speciation can be viewed as a continuum, potentially divisible into several states:(1)
continuous variation within panmictic populations,(2) partially discontinuous variation with …

Mutations of small effect underlie most adaptation to new environments, but beneficial
variants with large fitness effects are expected to contribute under certain conditions. Genes …

The environment experienced early in life often affects the traits that are developed after an
individual has transitioned into new life stages and environments. Because the phenotypes …

Development and physiology translate genetic variation into phenotypic variation and
determine the genotype–phenotype map, such as which gene affects which character …