Maintaining the correct number of healthy red blood cells (RBCs) is critical for proper
oxygenation of tissues throughout the body. Therefore, RBC homeostasis is a tightly …

Complex regulation of the immune response is necessary to support effective defense of an
organism against hostile invaders and to maintain tolerance to harmless microorganisms …

COVID-19 patients typically present with lower airway disease, although involvement of
other organ systems is usually the rule. Hematological manifestations such as …

SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with lower blood oxygen levels, even in patients without
hypoxia requiring hospitalization. This discordance illustrates the need for a more unifying …

Highlights•Stress erythropoiesis is a complex response to anemic stress.•Increased steady-
state erythropoiesis is driven by Epo.•Inflammation impairs steady-state erythropoiesis and …

The release of cytokines from epithelial and stromal cells is critical for the initiation and
maintenance of tissue immunity. Three such cytokines, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, IL-33 …

Anemia of inflammation, also known as anemia of chronic disease, is refractory to
erythropoietin (EPO) treatment, but the mechanisms underlying the EPO refractory state are …

Erythroblasts possess unique characteristics as they undergo differentiation from
hematopoietic stem cells. During terminal erythropoiesis, these cells incorporate large …

Simple Summary Tumor immune evasion is one of the hallmarks of tumor progression that
enables tumor growth despite the activity of the host immune system. It is mediated by …

Definitive haematopoiesis is the process by which haematopoietic stem cells, located in the
bone marrow, generate all haematopoietic cell lineages in healthy adults. Although highly …