Deep-sea ecosystems represent Earth's major ecological research frontier. Focusing on
seafloor ecosystems, we demonstrate how new technologies underpin discoveries that …

The deep sea encompasses the largest ecosystems on Earth. Although poorly known, deep
seafloor ecosystems provide services that are vitally important to the entire ocean and …

Ichnology is the study of traces created in the substrate by living organisms. This is the first
book to systematically cover basic concepts and applications in both paleobiology and …

Hypoxia in the ocean influences biogeochemical cycling of elements, the distribution of
marine species and the economic well being of many coastal countries. Previous …

This paper sets out a philosophical approach to ichnological (trace fossil) analysis, which
focuses on the interpretation of trace fossils as sedimentary structures rather than as …

Very little work has been done to identify and characterise the goods and services of the
sea, and even less for the deep sea. We present a first categorisation and synthesis of deep …

The Ediacaran biota were soft-bodied organisms, many with enigmatic phylogenetic
placement and ecology, living in marine environments between 574 and 539 million years …

To a certain degree, Eastern Boundary Current (EBC) ecosystems are similar: Cold bottom
water from moderate depths, rich in nutrients, is transported to the euphotic zone by a …

The Pakistan Margin is characterised by a strong mid-water oxygen minimum zone (OMZ)
that intercepts the seabed at bathyal depths (150–1300m). We investigated whether faunal …

A transition from fully laminated to highly bioturbated sediments on continental margins is
thought to derive from increased animal activity associated with increasing bottom-water …