This review focuses on covert attention and how it alters early vision. I explain why attention
is considered a selective process, the constructs of covert attention, spatial endogenous and …

Active inference provides a simple and neurobiologically plausible account of how action
and perception are coupled in producing (Bayes) optimal behaviour. This can be seen most …

What determines what we see? In contrast to the traditional “modular” understanding of
perception, according to which visual processing is encapsulated from higher-level …

Human perceptual decisions are often described as optimal. Critics of this view have argued
that claims of optimality are overly flexible and lack explanatory power. Meanwhile …

Does attention alter appearance? This critical issue, debated for over a century, remains
unsettled. From psychophysical evidence that covert attention affects early vision—it …

Conscious perception and attention are difficult to study, partly because their relation to each
other is not fully understood. Rather than conceiving and studying them in isolation from …

This research demonstrates a visual phenomenon with broad implications for consumers:
the perceived size of products depends on the saturation of their color. Results from six …

Attention allows us to select relevant sensory information for preferential processing.
Behaviourally, it improves performance in various visual tasks. One prominent effect of …

Highlights•Covert attention improves sensory processing in many visual tasks.•Covert
attention also alters the appearance of visual information.•Many spatial and temporal …

We investigated the mechanisms underlying the effects of sustained and transient covert
attention on contrast sensitivity. The aim of this study was twofold:(1) Using a zero-noise …