Fungi comprise approximately 20% of all eukaryotic species and are connected to virtually
all life forms on Earth. Yet, their diversity remains contentious, their distribution elusive, and …

Madagascar's unique biota is heavily affected by human activity and is under intense threat.
Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the conservation status of Madagascar's …

Assessing the distribution of geographically restricted and evolutionarily unique species and
their underlying drivers is key to understanding biogeographical processes and critical for …

Studies investigating the evolution of flowering plants have long focused on isolating
mechanisms such as pollinator specificity. Some recent studies have proposed a role for …

Despite discussions extending back almost 160 years, the means by which Madagascar's
iconic land vertebrates arrived on the island remains the focus of active debate. Three …

Madagascar exhibits high endemic biodiversity that has evolved with sustained and stable
rates of speciation over the past several tens of millions of years. The topography of …

The megadiverse plant family Asteraceae forms an iconic component of island floras
including many spectacular radiations, but a global picture of its insular diversity is lacking …

Freshwater ecosystems are crucial for global biodiversity through supporting plant and
animal species and providing essential resources. These ecosystems are under significant …

Drainage divides separate Earth's surface into individual river basins. Divide migration
impacts the evolution of landforms, regional climate, ecosystems and biodiversity. In this …

Abstract Background and Aims Throughout the Cenozoic, Africa underwent several climatic
and geological changes impacting the evolution of tropical rain forests (TRFs). African TRFs …