Interest in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is growing rapidly, and research in this area
appeals to a broad, multidisciplinary audience. EAT is unique in its anatomy and …

SGLT2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter 2) inhibitors produce a distinctive pattern of benefits
on the evolution and progression of cardiomyopathy and nephropathy, which is …

Patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have a high burden of
symptoms and functional limitations, and have a poor quality of life. By targeting …

Gliflozins in Cardiac and Renal Disease Gliflozins—sodium–glucose cotransporter 2
inhibitors—lower blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes …

Alterations in cardiac energy metabolism contribute to the severity of heart failure. However,
the energy metabolic changes that occur in heart failure are complex and are dependent not …

During starvation, fasting, or a diet containing little digestible carbohydrates, the circulating
insulin levels are decreased. This promotes lipolysis, and the breakdown of fat becomes the …

SGLT2 inhibitors are antihyperglycemic drugs that protect kidneys and the heart of patients
with or without type 2 diabetes and preserved or reduced kidney function from failing. The …

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors block glucose reabsorption in the renal
proximal tubule, an insulin-independent mechanism that plays a critical role in glycemic …

After the publication of the revised edition, therapeutic drugs described in “Future Treatment”
were approved and important evidence for pharmacologic therapy and nonpharmacologic …

Recent clinical trials have shown that sodium glucose co-transport 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have
dramatic beneficial cardiovascular outcomes. These include a reduced incidence of …