The structural integrity and functional stability of organelles are prerequisites for the viability
and responsiveness of cells. Dysfunction of multiple organelles is critically involved in the …

Lysosomes are the main proteolytic compartments of mammalian cells comprising of a
battery of hydrolases. Lysosomes dispose and recycle extracellular or intracellular …

Calcium (Ca2+) is a major second messenger in cells and is essential for the fate and
survival of all higher organisms. Different Ca2+ channels, pumps, or exchangers regulate …

Since the discovery of lysosomes more than 70 years ago, much has been learned about
the functions of these organelles. Lysosomes were regarded as exclusively degradative …

Mitochondria and lysosomes are critical for cellular homeostasis, and dysfunction of both
organelles has been implicated in numerous diseases. Recently, interorganelle contacts …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and is characterized by the
accumulation of amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Much attention …

The late endosomes/endo‐lysosomes of vertebrates contain an atypical phospholipid,
lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA)(also termed bis [monoacylglycero] phosphate [BMP]) …

The endomembrane system consists of organellar membranes in the biosynthetic pathway
[endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, and secretory vesicles] as well as those in the …

Lysosomes are acidic cell compartments containing a large set of hydrolytic enzymes. These
lysosomal hydrolases degrade proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids into their …

Inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), by releasing Ca2+ from the endoplasmic
reticulum (ER) of animal cells, allow Ca2+ to be redistributed from the ER to the cytosol or …