Biointerfaces mediate safe and efficient cell manipulation, which is essential for biomedical
innovations in advanced therapies and diagnostics. The biointerface established by vertical …

Biofilm formation is initiated by adhesion of individual bacteria to a surface. However,
surface adhesion alone is not sufficient to form the complex community architecture of a …

Brain-inspired computing paradigms have led to substantial advances in the automation of
visual and linguistic tasks by emulating the distributed information processing of biological …

Materials patterned with high‐aspect‐ratio nanostructures have features on similar length
scales to cellular components. These surfaces are an extreme topography on the cellular …

Realizing the full potential of organoids and assembloids to model neural development and
disease will require improved methods for long-term, minimally invasive recording of …

Inherited retinal dystrophies and late-stage age-related macular degeneration, for which
treatments remain limited, are among the most prevalent causes of legal blindness. Retinal …

Intracellular delivery of advanced therapeutics, including biologicals and supramolecular
agents, is complex because of the natural biological barriers that have evolved to protect the …

PEDOT: PSS conductive polymers have received tremendous attention over the last two
decades owing to their high conductivity, ease of processing, and biocompatibility. As a …

Biological systems respond to and communicate through biophysical cues, such as
electrical, thermal, mechanical and topographical signals. However, precise tools for …

Surface topography profoundly influences cell adhesion, differentiation, and stem cell fate
control. Numerous studies using a variety of materials demonstrate that nanoscale …