All nervous systems are subject to neuromodulation. Neuromodulators can be delivered as
local hormones, as cotransmitters in projection neurons, and through the general circulation …

Mass spectrometry imaging and profiling of individual cells and subcellular structures
provide unique analytical capabilities for biological and biomedical research, including …

The Lottia gigantea genome was prospected for the presence of genes coding
neuropeptides and neurohormones. Four genes code insulin-related peptides: two genes …

Central pattern generators are subject to extensive modulation that generates flexibility in
the rhythmic outputs of these neural networks. The effects of neuromodulators interact with …

During the computations performed by the nervous system, its 'wiring diagram'—the map of
its neurons and synaptic connections—is dynamically modified and supplemented by …

Neuropeptides are a chemically diverse class of cell-to-cell signaling molecules that are
widely expressed throughout the central nervous system, often in a cell-specific manner …

The protostome leucokinin (LK) signaling system, including LK peptides and their G protein-
coupled receptors, has been characterized in several species. Despite the progress …

Highlights•Gut innervation occurs through the central and stomatogastric nervous
systems.•Gut function depends on complex interplay of neuropeptides with similar …

Neuropeptides are ubiquitous intercellular signaling molecules in the CNS and play diverse
roles in modulating physiological functions by acting on specific G-protein coupled receptors …

Peptide signaling controls many processes involving coordinated actions of multiple organs,
such as hormone-mediated appetite regulation. However, the extent to which the mode of …